FPGAs can be used to implement any logical function that an ASIC can perform. As FPGA designs employ very fast I/O rates and bidirectional data buses, it becomes a challenge to verify correct timing of valid data within setup time and hold time.įloor planning enables resource allocation within FPGAs to meet these time constraints.

3.2 Complex programmable logic devices (CPLD)Ĭontemporary field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have large resources of logic gates and RAM blocks to implement complex digital computations.

Many FPGAs can be reprogrammed to implement different logic functions, allowing flexible reconfigurable computing as performed in computer software.įPGAs have a remarkable role in embedded system development due to their capability to start system software (SW) development simultaneously with hardware (HW),Įnable system performance simulations at a very early phase of the development, and allow various system partitioning (SW and HW) trials and iterations before final freezing of the system architecture. In most FPGAs, logic blocks also include memory elements, which may be simple flip-flops or more complete blocks of memory.

Logic blocks can be configured to perform complex combinational functions, or act as simple logic gates like AND and XOR. Circuit diagrams were previously used to specify the configuration, but this is increasingly rare due to the advent of electronic design automation tools.įPGAs contain an array of programmable logic blocks, and a hierarchy of reconfigurable interconnects allowing blocks to be wired together. The FPGA configuration is generally specified using a hardware description language (HDL), similar to that used for an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

A field-programmable gate array ( FPGA) is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturing – hence the term field-programmable.

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